28113 - STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY

Subject type: Basic

Coordinator: Carolina Chabrera Sanz

Trimester: First term

Credits: 6

The subject Structure and Function of the Human Body I is taught during the first year.

In the first part of the subject, the basic concepts, the organization of the human body and the tissues that make it up are discussed and then these concepts are integrated into the body's devices or systems.

Its fundamental mission and objective is the knowledge of the human body from a structural (anatomy) and functional (physiology) perspective.

Both concepts, presented in an integrated way, promote understanding and place students in an ideal situation for understanding the disease (physiopathology).

It is therefore a subject that analyzes the human organism as an integrated whole of organs and functions, which in a coordinated way maintain its balance and its adaptation to its environment (homeostasis).

It is a basic concept in the work of the nursing professional, ensuring that the person's balance is maintained and/or restored, both physically and psychologically. For this, it is an indispensable condition to know the anatomical and physiological normality, and, based on the same, its dysfunction, the disease.

The gender perspective will be an aspect that the teaching staff will take into account by making an inclusive and non-sexist use of language and promoting the equal participation of everyone in a respectful and inclusive environment both in lectures and in seminar sessions. Female bibliographic references will be provided in the classroom to the extent that the subject allows it and the full first name of the authors will be used. Regarding the images of the content in the teaching material, the non-perpetuation of stereotypes will be encouraged. The different responses in women and men will become visible in terms of the exposure of risk factors underlying the onset of disease, the differences due to sex and gender in the manifestations and experience of the disease. Epidemiological studies have identified differences in the frequency of diseases between sexes, as well as differences in life expectancy; key concepts that will be integrated into the teaching syllabus.

LO 1.- Identify and differentiate the different cellular structures.

LO 2.- Locate cellular structures according to their functional units.

LO 3.- Identify the macroscopic structure of the human body.

LO 6.- Relate and differentiate the structures and functioning of the different systems of the human body.

LO 7.- Interrelate the compensatory and feedback physiological mechanisms based on physiology.

LO 8.- Deepen the basic anatomical-physiological topics that allow the understanding of organic dysfunction.

LO 26.- Identify gender deviations in existing knowledge about health-disease processes.

LO 29.- Analyze differences by sex and inequalities by gender in etiology, anatomy, physiology and pathologies; in differential diagnosis, therapeutic options and pharmacological response, and in prognosis; in care for people, as well as in other types of diagnoses and health interventions.

The methodology of the subject will be carried out combining face-to-face classroom time, with autonomous work time, with the support of the virtual learning environment.

The distribution is distributed as follows:

BLOCK 1 - GENERAL CONCEPTS:

Basic General Concepts: Basic levels of organization of the human body. Basic life processes

Organization of the Human Body. Atoms, molecules. Organic and inorganic compounds. Chemical reactions. Forms of energy

homeostasis concept Feedback systems

Levels of cellular organization. Cell structure and physiology. Protein synthesis. Cell division: phases

genetics Nucleic acids. Genotype and phenotype. Chromosomal structure

BLOCK 2 – HISTOLOGY AND METABOLISM:

Classification of tissues

Epithelial tissue. classification Structure and functions

Integumentary System classification Structure and functions

Connective tissue. classification Structure and functions. Concept of Extracellular Matrix (ECM)

Bone fabric classification Structure and functions. osteogenesis

Muscle tissue. classification Structure and functions

Metabolism. Metabolic reactions. Energy transfer. Energy balance

BLOCK 3 - NERVOUS SYSTEM:

Nervous Tissue classification Structure and functions

Nervous system. Neurons, synapses, neurotransmitters

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Peripheral Nervous System (SNP)

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System

Physiology of sleep

BLOCK 4 – MUSCULAR-SKELETAL SYSTEM:

Shoulder girdle

Upper extremity

Head and neck

Spine

Chest and abdomen

Pelvic girdle

Lower extremity

BLOCK 5 - ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:

Diencephalic - Pituitary axis

Thyroid and parathyroid gland

Pancreas (endocrine), thymus and pineal gland

Adrenal gland, ovary and testicle

BLOCK 6 - SENSORY ORGANS:

Hearing and balance

Vista

Touch and pain

Smell

Gust

SEMINARS

Seminar 1. Palpatory anatomy (musculoskeletal) of skull, shoulder girdle and upper extremity

Seminar 2. Palpatory anatomy (musculoskeletal) of the thorax, abdomen, spine, pelvic girdle and lower extremity

Seminar 3. Neuro-endocrine system. Integrated study of the nervous system and the endocrine system

The subject's activities follow the continuous assessment system, that is to say that throughout the term the teaching staff will propose various activities, which the students will have to solve, present or hand in.

The work of each of the activities allows the student to evaluate the follow-up of the subject and the elements of improvement, based on the comments and notes that the teachers will make of the activities.

The proposed activities can be individual or in work groups. The teaching staff will give the relevant instructions so that the students can prepare and deliver them.

LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

The assessment of skills will be carried out continuously and through group sessions and individual questionnaires. During the term, different activities will be requested as a source of evaluation, in such a way that the student will be able to know his own evolution. With this same objective, there will be a written test in the middle of the term (partial test) and a written test at the end of the term.

To pass and release the subject in the eliminatory partial test, the mark of the exam must be equal to or higher than 6,5. In case of failing the partial exam, the mark corresponding to the final exam will be worth 60% of the mark. total.

To pass the course you must obtain a minimum grade of 5 points out of 10 in the final exam of the course.

As established in article 5 of Royal Decree 1125/2003, the results obtained for the student will be graded according to the numerical scale from 0 to 10, with the corresponding qualitative grade:

0 – 4,9: suspension (SS)

5 – 6,9: Pass (AP)

7 – 8,9: remarkable (NT)

9 – 10: excellent (SB)

When the qualification of the subject is of Excellent (mark superior to 9 points) the educational of the asignatura will be able to consider if the student chooses to obtain the qualification of matrícula of honor (MH).

In accordance with current regulations, you can only opt for recovery, if it has been suspended the subject. If the rating is Not presented, you will not be eligible for recovery.

The total or partial copy in any of the learning activities will mean a "Not Presented" in the subject, without option to present in the proof of recovery and without prejudice of the opening of a file for this reason.

Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. 15 Ed. Gerard J. Tortora and Bryan H. Derrikson. Edit Med Panamericana. Madrid 2018

Treatise on Medical Physiology. 14 Ed. John E. Hall and Arthur C. Guyton. Edit Elsevier. Barcelona 2021

Atlas of Human Anatomy. 7 Ed. Frank H. Netter. Edited by Elsevier Masson. Barcelona 2019 

Anatomy and Physiology. 8th Ed. Kevin T. Patton and Gary A. Thibodeau. Madrid 2013

https://www.visiblebody.com/anatomy-education-resources

https://3d4medical.com/es/