General information


Subject type: Basic

Coordinator: Montserrat Lamoglia Puig

Trimester: Second term

Credits: 6

Teaching staff: 

Pau Carratalà Pérez

Skills


Basic skills
  • CB4_That students can convey information, ideas, problems and solutions to an audience, both specialized and non-specialized

  • CB2_That students know how to apply their knowledge to their job or vocation in a professional way and have the skills that need to be demonstrated through the elaboration and defense of arguments and the resolution of problems within their area of ​​study

Specific skills
  • CE8_Identify the psychosocial responses of people to different health situations (in particular, illness and suffering), selecting the appropriate actions to provide help in them. Establish an empathetic and respectful relationship with the patient and family, depending on the person's situation, health problem and stage of development. Use strategies and skills that allow effective communication with patients, families and social groups, as well as the expression of their concerns and interests

General competencies
  • CG4_Understand the interactive behavior of the person according to gender, group or community, within their social and multicultural context

  • CG5_Design care systems aimed at individuals, families or groups, evaluating their impact and establishing the appropriate modifications

Description


The complexity of health, disease, and care processes calls for the need for interdisciplinary analytical approaches that often transcend the boundaries of the so-called biomedical sciences. In response to this claim, the subject of Health Anthropology will propose to the student a tour of the main fields of intersection between the Health Sciences and the Social Sciences. Within this broad spectrum, an itinerary will be proposed in which priority will be given to the identification and recognition of the contributions made from an anthropological perspective on the understanding of the health-disease-care process. At the end of the course the student will be able to identify the social and cultural factors involved in the health-illness process. The follow-up of the course will provide a set of reflective knowledge and skills that will allow you to address health and disease beyond its biological dimension. Students will also be able to recognize the specific contributions of Anthropology to the field of health, valuing the advantages of incorporating a sociocultural perspective into the professional practice of nursing.

The program is composed of four thematic modules arranged in attention to the learning objectives of the subject. Through each of them, different fields of Health Anthropology will be explored in a compartmentalized way. However, the progression route marked by the teaching methodology aims to promote an integrated view of the subject, facilitating the identification of the contributions of Anthropology to the professional practice of Nursing. The course of the program will allow to achieve the general objectives of learning in a progressive way. All the modules will have a theoretical part from which the main contents explained in the syllabus will be introduced. At the same time, each module will include seminars for small groups where students' ability to relate theoretical concepts to readings and / or case studies will be stimulated. The first three modules are designed with the general aim of introducing students to the reflective field of Health Anthropology. The itinerary first proposes an approach to the concepts of society and culture, understood as constitutive elements of all human experience. Subsequently, and moving the center of attention to a more specific level, the program will approach the field of health, disease and care, valuing its close link with the social order and the diversity of forms. cultural. Through the fourth module - “Anthropology and Nursing” - the spaces of relationship between the concepts of Anthropology and the universe of Nursing praxis will be explored. The aim is to invite students to take an anthropological look at the objects, debates and practices of Nursing

Learning outcomes


LO1. Identify the diversity of health practices in relation to the diversity of cultural contexts

LO2. Assess culturally appropriate strategies in the health care planning process

LO3. Incorporate culturally appropriate strategies into the health care process (culturally competent nursing interventions

LO4. Describe and analyze health-disease-care issues in an anthropological key.

LO6. Identify the socio-cultural factors that influence a person's behavior

 

Working methodology


MD1. Expository class sessions: aimed at the presentation and discussion of the central contents of the syllabus. 

MD2. Seminars: Group work, cooperative learning activities, analysis and presentation of readings, dynamization of debates, case studies. 

MD6. Group face-to-face tutorials: Monitoring activities and formative evaluation to guide on learning concepts, skills and attitudes. Pedagogical guidelines for the improvement of cooperative and individual learning.

MD11. Self-employment: Reflective synthesis of the general contents of the subject, readings and analysis of texts, viewing of audiovisual materials, exploration of additional resources, preparation of the evaluations. 

Contents


MODULE 1 (16h): The human condition and the Anthropology of Health. -The biological and social dimensions of human existence. -The human being as a cultural being. -The social and cultural dimension of health and disease. -The sociocultural dimension of existential experience: life, death, pain, affliction and dignity Objectives: To identify the main conditions of human existence, and to understand the role of the social environment and culture in our process of adaptation in the world. Recognize the field of health and disease as realities conditioned by social structure, and as experiences conditioned by cultural discourses. Teaching methodology and group typology: This first module will articulate 6 plenary sessions of a theoretical-reflective nature, a reading seminar and a case study. The seminars will be organized around the title "Towards a practical exploration of cultural diversity" and the groups in charge of dynamizing them will previously attend a group tutorial.

MODULE 2 (16pm): The health-illness process and medical systems -The cultural dimensions of illness: “disease”, “illness” and “sickness”. -Etiology and therapy I: Explanatory models and models of care. -Etiology and therapeutics II: Therapeutic itineraries. -Etiology and therapeutics III: The biomedical model. -Etiology and therapeutics IV: Folk medicine, folk medicine and ethnomedicine. -Symbolic efficacy, psychoneuroimmunology and epigenetics: towards an explanatory model of integration. Objectives: To understand in greater depth the influence of society and culture on the health-illness process. Identify the structural features of a medical system and recognize the existing diversity at the etiological, diagnostic and therapeutic level. To know the main theoretical concepts formulated from the Anthropology of Health for the description and analysis of the different medical systems. Recognize the process of formation of the Western medical system and identify its sociocultural particularities. Teaching methodology and group typology: The module will have five plenary sessions of a theoretical nature and two seminars on ethnographic cases. The groups in charge of dynamizing them will previously attend a group tutoring.

MODULE 3 (14pm): Health, inequality and social exclusion -Inequality, poverty and health. -The social structure of the disease -Encarnation -Anthropology and Public Health: towards a social epidemiology -The disease as a social marking: disease, stigma and social exclusion Objectives: Focus the process of health-disease-care from from the perspective of social structure. Understand the relationship between social inequalities and epidemiological indicators. Explore the causes and treatment of diseases from a social and economic-political perspective. To know the contributions of social epidemiology in the study of health and inequalities. Teaching methodology and group typology: The module will be developed through 4 plenary sessions of a theoretical nature, a reading seminar and a case study. The seminars will be organized around the title "The disease as a stigma" and the groups responsible for stimulating them will previously attend a group tutorial.

MODULE 4 (14h): Anthropology and nursing: towards an anthropology of caring -Care, society and culture. -Alliances between Nursing and Anthropology: MF.Collière -M.Leininger and Transcultural Nursing. -Immigration and new health demands. -Cultural competence and intercultural mediation. Objectives: To link the background of the previous modules with the specific universe of Nursing praxis. Understand the ethics of Nursing from the care-curing dialectic. Understand the universal potential of the “take care” paradigm, valuing its necessary adaptability in intercultural contexts. Teaching methodology and group typology: Module 4 will have four plenary sessions and two reading seminars. The seminars will be organized around the title "(Re) thinking nursing from Anthropology" and the groups in charge of dynamizing them will previously attend a group tutorial.

Learning activities


Typology Activity

ECTS

HOURS

Face-to-face

AF1. Master class

1

25

1/25

AF2. Face-to-face tutorials

0,5

13

0.5/13

AF5. Seminars

0,5

13

0.5/13

AF9. Personal study

4

100

4/100

Evaluation system


The assessment system has been designed with the intention of stimulating a progressive assimilation of learning objectives. The combination of different assessment activities will encourage the acquisition of formal and reflective skills, as well as an integrated view of the contents and practices proposed throughout the course. The evaluation criteria of the different activities and the characteristics of the written test will be presented in the first class and will be posted in the virtual classroom of the ESCS where they can always be consulted by students in favor of clarity. and transparency. The relationship between assessable activities, weighted score percentage and assessed competencies is specified under the following formula:

Component A. SE3: Group work and conducting a discussion seminar (20%) 

Component B. SE2: Individual works. Integrated in the Continuous Assessment system (30%) 

Component C. SE1: Theoretical and reflective exam at the end of the term (50%) 

Conditions for averaging: Obtain a grade equal to or higher than 4 in component A, and obtain a grade equal to or greater than 5 in both component B and component C..

REFERENCES


Basic

Good, B. (2003), Medicine, rationality and experience. An anthropological perspective. Edicions Bellaterra, Barcelona, ​​pp.247-297

Le Breton, D. (1999), Anthropology of pain. Seix Barral, Barcelona.

Mallart Guimerà, Lluís (1992) I am the son of the Evuzok. The life of an anthropologist in Cameroon. Barcelona, ​​La Campana.

Martínez Hernáez A, (2008), Medical Anthropology. Theories about culture, power and disease. Anthopos, Barcelona.

Torralba, F. (1998) Anthropology of Caring. Borja Institute of Bioethics / Mapfre Medicine Foundation, Barcelona.

Esteban, Mari Luz, comp. (2007) Introduction to the anthropology of health. Theoretical and practical applications. Bilbao, OSALDE-OP.

Johannisson, K. (2006) The signs. The doctor and the art of body reading. Melusina, Spain.

Kottak, CP (1994). Anthropology. An exploration of human diversity. McGraw Hill, Madrid.

Laplantine F, (1999), Anthropology of disease. Ediciones del Sol, Buenos Aires.

Perdiguero E, Comelles JMª, eds. (2000) Medicine and Culture. Studies between anthropology and medicine. Barcelona: Bellaterra.

SPECTOR, R. (2000c) Cross-cultural nursing: past, present and future. Culture of Care, IV / 7-8: 116-127

Complementary

Kleinman, A. (1997) Patients and healers in the context of culture. University of California Press. Berkeley.

LEININGER, M. (1995) Transcultural nursing: concepts, theories and practices. McGraw-Hill, Columbus.

Winkelman, M. (2009) Culture and Health: Applying Medical Anthropology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 

Esteller, Manel (2017): I'm not my DNA, RBA Books, Barcelona (Catalan version: I'm not my DNA, La Magrana, Barcelona)

Helman, Cecil (1994) Culture, Health and Illness. An Introduction for Health Professionals. London: Butterworth-Heinemann (Later editions. There is a Portuguese translation)

Marmot M. (2004) The Status syndrome. How social standing affects our health and longevity. New York: An Owl Book. 

Benach J, Muntaner C. (2005) Learning to look at health. How inequalities harm our health. Barcelona: Viejo Topo.