104124 - LIGHTING

Subject type: Mandatory

Coordinator: Maddalena Fedele

Trimester: Second term

Credits: 4

The subject is aimed at raising awareness in lighting, in the use of light in order to make more elaborate or constructed images. 

It is carried out during the first year of the Degree in Audiovisual Media so that, later, the student has a previous training that allows him to use the photographic and filmic tools with more knowledge, with the basic resource of the light and the light. lighting as a structuring element. 

It has theoretical and practical content, with history and analysis being the transversal tools used during the teaching of this subject. 

At the end of the course the student must be able to:

LO1-Know the properties of light in a practical way. Know how the eye works (Competences G1, G3, E5, E8)

LO2- Analyze the illumination of any image. Be aware of the lighting of any image medium, from painting, photography and moving images (Competences G1, E10, E8)

LO3 - Use correctly the basic principles of lighting and the basic lighting scheme. (Competence E5, E8, E10)

LO4- Be able to illuminate and create environments with a reduced set of three spotlights, and on the University's plateau. (Competences E5, E8, E10)

LO5- Understand the different illuminants on the market and the manuals used by illuminant manufacturers. (Competence E5, E8, G3) 

LO6- Know how to use filters well. (Competences E5, E8, E10)

LO7- To know in a basic way the historical evolution of the use of artificial lighting in cinema. (Competences G1, E8, CT2)

LO8- Get to know different cinematic lighting styles. (Competences G1, E8, CT2)

LO9- Know the possibilities of spectacular and scenic lighting. Artistic uses of light. (Competences G1, E8, CT2)

LO10- Use indoor and outdoor lighting techniques to determine and control expressive, formal and technical quality. (Competences G3, E5, E8, CT2)

Complementary learning outcomes:

RAC1- To contribute, through the lighting, an important added value to the images that it realizes. (Competences CT2, E5)

The sessions of the subject are divided into theoretical sessions (3 hours per week) and laboratory practices (2 hours fortnightly). In addition, the subject provides for the completion of exercises in the time allocated to autonomous learning by students.

Different methodologies are used in the theoretical sessions:

• Expository class sessions based on the teacher's explanation.
• Video capsules.
• Analysis of images and fragments of classic and modern films.

The training is structured in five levels: Report, documentary, set, fiction, creation. Each level has theoretical, technical, historical and analytical contents. The contents are reflected in the teacher's notes and developed in the theoretical classes.

• The following methodologies are used in laboratory practices:

• Taking photographs by students according to statements related to the theoretical level taught. The student applies the concepts explained in class.
• Carrying out individual and group work (during autonomous learning).

However, depending on the needs of the session, some methodologies may be combined.

TOPIC 1: The eye and the light. Lighting: History and principles. / The report. 

• History of lighting in cinema. Home. 
• Physical properties of light and physiology of the eye. 
• Principles of lighting I: Light quality. 

TOPIC 2: Light in documentaries and portrait painting. 

• Principles of lighting II: Quantity and direction of light. 
• Basic lighting scheme.
• Material for outdoor shooting. Focus, tripod, basic filters. 
• Electricity, basic units. Measures. 

Awareness of representations in images: The portrait in painting. Analysis of documentary interviews. 

TOPIC 3: Light color temperature 

• Light color temperature. Cultural temporality by the tones of light. 
• Lighting on set. Set material. Lighting accessories.
• Types of illuminants. Fresnels. HMI. Arcs. Cold light screens. 
• Introduction to illuminant manufacturers' manuals, interpretation. 

Awareness of representations in images. Analysis of set images (news, interview programs). The use of light color temperature in series and movies. 

TOPIC 4: Light filtering. The colour. 

• Color filters. Color: Main and secondary.¿I
• ntroduction to the psychology of color.¿
• Light units of measurement. Candles and luxury. Conversions

Analysis of music videos. Introduction to colored lights in cinema. 

TOPIC 5: Lighting in fiction and shows 

• The figure of the director of photography. Historical evolution. 
• Relevant films in the evolution of lighting in cinema. 
• Functions in the lighting equipment. Theatrical lighting. 
• Case studies. 
• Introduction to spectacular lighting. 

1. They are divided into:

   1 Continuous evaluation (50%)

   2 Exam (50%)

   1   Continued avaluation

   1.1 Laboratory practices: 

   In the practice sessions, different activities are programmed aimed at the reflection and exercise by the students of the contents taught in the theory sessions, as well as their training for the realization of later exercises. 

   The internships are compulsory. A minimum attendance of 80% of the time is required to qualify for a score in the continuous assessment.

   Support Material:

   - Plato.

   - Cameras.

   - Continuous light equipment 

   Specific objectives:

   - Consolidate knowledge in lighting.

   - Build environments using lighting. 

   Related to learning outcomes: RA5, RA6, RA 7/8, RA 9/10, RA11, RAC1

   1.2 Jobs (25%):

   Completion of 2 works on photographic support based on statements made by the teacher. Application of the knowledge taught in class.

   Carried out in the students' autonomous learning time.

   Support Material:

   - Statement of the activity.

   - Lighting cases.

   - Plato

   - Cameras

    

   Specific objectives:

   - Consolidate knowledge in lighting, autonomously.

   - Know how to analyze pre-existing images and redo them using lighting, autonomously.

    

   Related to learning outcomes: RA1, RA3, RA 4, RA6, RAC1

   1.3 Final Video (25%):

   Work in group. Carried out in the students' autonomous learning time. With presentation in class time.

   Description

   The students make, in small groups, a video, where they use artificial lighting and their knowledge acquired in the subject.

   Support Material:

   - Statement of the activity.

   - Lighting cases.

   - Plato

   Specific objectives:

   - Recognize and apply content taught in class.

   - Apply their technical knowledge and creative ability at work.

   Related to learning outcomes: RA1, RA 2, RA3, RA 4, RA5, RAC1

   2 Exam (50%):

   Individual work. Made in class according to calendar.

   Exercise that may contain methodologically different tests (technical test, development of topics related to the subject and image analysis). Evaluates the assimilation of the contents taught and exercised in the subject, both in theory classes and in practices.

   Support Material:

   -state of the activity

   Specific objectives:

   -show the degree of acquisition of the contents taught in the subject

   Related to learning outcomes RA1, RA5, RA6, RA7, RA 8, RA 9, RA10

Continuous assessment (50%):

Laboratory practices (mandatory) 
Jobs (25%)

Final Video (25%):

Final exam (50%):

50% exam

To access this weighting it is essential to have achieved an average of 5 in both the continuous assessment and the final exam. If the student has a lower average in one of the parts, he / she does not access this weighting and fails with the grade of the suspended part.

The part of continuous assessment is not recoverable.

The exam part is recoverable in the Recovery Exam. To access the weighted calculation of the grade it is necessary to get a grade of 5 in the recovery.

The statements of the different exercises will be provided throughout the course. 
The detection of plagiarism in any of the exercises involves an automatic rating of zero, regardless of other processes or actions that may be undertaken.

Revault D'Allonnes, Fabrice. 2008. ” The light in the cinema. ”Chair.

Moreno, J Carlos / Linares, Cesar. Lighting (Stage lighting notebooks). 6.Ed Ñaque, ISBN ISBN 84-89987-07-

               Millerson, Gerald. 1994 "Lighting for video and film." IORTV.

 Dennis Shaeffer / Larry Salvato. 1992. "Masters of Light. Conversations with Directors of Photography." PLOT.

Casanovas, Cristòfol. 2016. “Teacher's Notes”. They will be delivered as the agenda progresses. Mataró.

Brown, Blain 1998. ” Lighting for film and television. Author-Editor.

Almonds, Nestor. 1983 "Days of a Camera". Seix Barral.

Carlos F. Heredero. 1994. “The language of light. Interviews with Spanish film directors ”Alcalá de Henares University.

 Tanizaki, Junichiro.2011 “Praise of the Shadow”. Siruela.

Loiseleux, Jacques. 2005. “La luz en el cine” .Paidós.