Guillermo Antuña presents research on the limits of European steel policy at the World Congress of Business History

14 September 2026

Guillermo Antuña, professor in the Department of Business at TecnoCampus, has presented the work in progress “From Liberalization to De-risking: The Limits of European Steel Policy” at the 3rd World Congress of Business History, held at the University of Toronto. The research, developed jointly with Angela Wigger, professor of Global Political Economy in the Department of Political Science at Radboud University, analyzes from a historical perspective the capabilities and limits of current European steel policy.

Professor Guillermo Antuña, during the intervention at the World Congress of Business History Professor Guillermo Antuña, during the intervention at the World Congress of Business History

The work studies how the transformation of European public policies since the stage of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) has conditioned the current capacity for intervention in the sector. 

If during the ECSC public authorities combined productive coordination, financial support, management of foreign markets and social policies, subsequent liberalisation dispersed these capacities between different instruments and policies, while privatisation and business concentration reinforced the control of large groups over production and investment.

The main implication of the research is that current European reindustrialization and decarbonization policies operate on this inherited institutional structure. European institutions have the capacity to authorize public aid, assume part of the financial and social risks, protect the European market or stimulate demand for low-carbon steel, but they have a much more limited capacity to coordinate productive investments and ensure that announced projects are executed. 

In this context, large multinational steel groups play a decisive role in final investment and production decisions.


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